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In the last century, the prevalence of allergic and autoimmune diseases in the developed world increased drastically, and presently it is estimated that 1 in 10 people has an autoimmune condition. There are several reasons for this phenomenon and one of them is, certainly, the change of the human body ecosystem, the biome.

The term “Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity” was introduced in 1978 but has recently gained more popularity. Basically, this pathology describes the appearance of symptoms triggered by the exposure to gluten (protein found in wheat, barley and rye). Symptoms manifest in less than 24 hours and are predominantly gastrointestinal (bloating, pain, diarrhea), but can also be extra-intestinal (lack of wellbeing, fatigue, headaches, etc.).

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are complex autoimmune gastrointestinal disorders, with frequent systemic manifestations. There is a component of genetic susceptibility, particularly in factors regulating the interaction between the immune system and the intestinal flora as well as environmental and dietary factors. These diseases tend to significantly impact the quality of life of patients.